Dilation and Curettage (D&C) and Medical Termination of Pregnancy (MTP), also known as abortion, are two medical procedures that address pregnancy-related concerns, but they differ in their methods and purposes.

Dilation and Curettage (D&C): D&C is a surgical procedure used to remove tissue from the uterine lining. It is performed for various reasons, including diagnosing or treating conditions like abnormal bleeding, miscarriage management, or the removal of abnormal tissue after childbirth. During a D&C, the cervix is dilated, and a thin instrument (curette) is used to gently scrape away the uterine lining. It is typically performed in a hospital or clinic under anesthesia. D&C is not a method for elective pregnancy termination but may be required in certain medical situations.

Medical Termination of Pregnancy (MTP) or Abortion: MTP refers to the medical procedures and medications used to terminate a pregnancy intentionally. It is a choice made by an individual or a couple for various reasons, such as health concerns, personal circumstances, or other factors. Medical abortion involves taking prescribed medications, usually a combination of mifepristone and misoprostol, to induce a miscarriage. This method is typically employed during the early stages of pregnancy, up to 10 weeks. The process is supervised by a healthcare provider and can be done in a clinic or at home.

Both D&C and MTP have distinct purposes and are performed under different circumstances. While D&C is primarily a diagnostic or therapeutic procedure, MTP is a safe and legal option for those seeking to terminate a pregnancy within the legally defined gestational limits. The choice between these procedures depends on the specific medical or personal circumstances of the individual involved.